Behavior modification for children with ADHD Essay

Behavior modification for children with ADHD - Essay Example This is a significant number that makes ADHD one of the most common learning and behavioral disorders to date. The number of American children and adults diagnosed with ADHD has significantly increased from over the years (Frame, 2003). ADHD is a medical term and as it is a problem related to children, that educators and researchers in education should learn its explanation and the symptoms that help identify the problem. It is necessary to clarify the term ADHD because it is not a single behavior but a mix of complex patterns that it is sometimes called an â€Å"assemblage† (Marcus &Saka, 2006 cited in Goodwin, 2010, p.2). It is a condition that the National Institute of Mental Health (2012) explains as â€Å"one of the most common childhood brain disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood† (p.1). The most obvious symptoms are â€Å"difficulty staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and hyperactivity (over-activity). These symptoms can make it difficult for a child with ADHD to succeed in school, get along with other children or adults, or finish tasks at home† (ibid, p.1). In order to be diagnosed, symptoms include inattentiveness, disruptivene ss, as well as social and academic discrepancies in the child’s school or home settings. For example, this includes poor interactions with their parents, teachers, and classmates and a decrease in academic achievement. Children with ADHD endure these difficulties chronically and persist into adolescence and adulthood, negatively impacting their lives and the people surrounding them (Jones & Chronis-Tuscano, 2008). Many children are losing their battle with ADHD without the much needed help from their surroundings. ADHD cannot be categorized as a medical problem, but it is a behavioral and learning difficulty that needs to be effectively managed in the classroom by teachers and at home by the parents, because â€Å"there is currently no cure

Human skeleton. What kinds of information can human skeletons give us Essay

Human skeleton. What kinds of information can human skeletons give us about past lifestyles - Essay Example To effectively study the past human lifestyle, archeologists examine human remains of ancient societies and this where the human skeletons comes handy. Such human materials such as the skeletons, food remains, wrecks of buildings, and human artifacts help the archeologists to rebuild the human past lifestyle. All the information recorded about the human materials such as the human skeletons are referred to as archeological records. These records comprise of all the humans occupying the areas of interest and the remains of human material in those areas. These records are used for study through laboratory examinations of the materials and excavations and field studies. Archeologists have to excavate human graveyards and get the human skeleton to their study stations for the development of their research on the human past lifestyle. The skeletons excavated are an important source of information about the human past lifestyle. The previous and medieval burials are generally unspecified. However, they give important information on average human being that is otherwise uncommon in historical findings. They are in information about the past beliefs, handling of the dead and ritual behavior. Skeletons can provide relevant kinds of information for one to study the past human lifestyle. As a result of this fact, the archeologists have to first of all examine the physical vestiges of real people. Study of the human skeleton gives a new dimension of the human past life such as their health, and the form of their population which constitutes to their lifestyle. To study the past human lifestyle, the fundamental requirements by the archeologists include; the sex and age composition of the population, the ailments of the past, the common strains and stresses of daily life, and the appearance and physical size. Skeletons help archeologists in their study about the past human life by giving hints or actual age information about the fossils. It is not a reliable and valid method to determine age just by the size of the skeleton. Skeletons can give age information by studying the trimmings of long bones and other sections of the bones separated in the children’s skeleton. The detachments give room for the bone to grow. The separated bones, called epiphyses, all combine at distinct ages. The phase of bones combining is used by the archeologists to age an adolescent. Skeletons also provide the relevant information on age by studying the teeth system. Permanent molar grows at the age of six. However, studying the ageing skeletons to give age information is more challenging. Such information provided by the skeletons is helpful in providing information on the different diets eaten by the people in the past. From a closer look of the tooth wear in the skeletons, one can understand the kinds of foods by the past people and this closely gives the researcher the lifestyle lived by the past people. The archeologists then classify the skeletons into three pre- established categories namely; old, middle age, and young. Such information is vital in studying the different past human lifestyle according to the various age class that existed in the past age class. Another important type of information the human skeleton can provide for a comprehensive study of the past human lifestyle is the information on sex. It is challenging to use the skeletons to determine the sex of a child that had not reached the puberty stage. To easily determine the sex of an adult, archeologists look at the pelvis having in mind that, women have bowl-shaped and wide pelvis while that of men is narrow and tall. By looking at such differences in the skeletons, relevant informat

Electronic Structure and Spontaneous Polarization in BiFeO3

Electronic Structure and Spontaneous Polarization in BiFeO3 Electronic structure and spontaneous polarization in multiferroic bulk BiFeO3 Z. Mahhouti 1,2,3,* , H. El Moussaoui 1 , M. Hamedoun 1 , M. El Marssi 3 , A. Lahmar 2 , A. El Kenz 2 , and A. Benyoussef 1,2,4 Abstract: The electronic structure, magnetic properties and spontaneous polarization in Bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 are investigated using first-principle calculations. The computed results show that the ground state of bulk BiFeO3 is rhombohedral R3c symmetry with G-type antiferromagnetic ordering and insulating, the computed results are in good agreement with available experiments. The electronic structure has been studied using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ). Therefore, the finding band gap value is equal to the experimental value (Eg=2.5 eV) and much better than other theoretical values, the local magnetic moment at the Fe atoms reaches the experimental value and it is in good agreement with previously reported theoretical, with the large atomic displacement the modern theory of polarization predicts a large spontaneous polarization in multiferroic bulk BiFeO3. INTRODUCTION The multiferroic term denotes the coexistence of several ferroic orders (ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and ferroelastic) in one material[1], coupled or not. Multiferroic materials are very rare because the origins of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism are hardly compatible as shown by Hill et al.[2][3]. However, there are some exceptions such as La0.1Bi0.9MnO3 which is ferroelectric below 770 K and ferromagnetic below 105 K[4]. The definition of multiferroic has therefore been extended to materials with antiferroic orders such as BiFeO3 which is ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic.      Ã‚   Bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 (BFO) is one of the few magnetoelectric multiferroics who has simultaneously ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic orders under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. Indeed, its high Curie temperature (TC = 1103 K)[5] and Nà ©el temperature (TN = 643 K)[6] provide a wide range of applications at different temperatures[7] such as spintronics, data storage and microelectronic devices[8][9], In addition, a magnetoelectric coupling is possible at room temperature. Recently, BFO has seen a considerable increase in interest since the discovery of a much better spontaneous polarization, greater than 150  µC/cm2, when the material is grown in thin layers[10]. This discovery aroused great enthusiasm among the scientific community who wanted to explain the origin of some phenomenon and explore this material again. The phase diagram established according to the reference[11] shows the succession of three phases with increasing of temperature denoted à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¡, à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢,and à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ §, respectively. In its bulk form and at room temperature, BFO has a distorted perovskite structure with rhombohedral symmetry and space group R3c (a = b = c = 5.63 Ã…, à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¡ = 59.4 °)[12][8]. The primitive unit cell contains two formula units (ten atoms), each Fe atom is surrounded by six antiparallel spin neighbors, the magnetic moments are oriented perpendicularly to the [111] direction, which leads to develop a G-type antiferromagnetic order on the whole of the material. However, new observations have revealed that the direction in which antiferromagnetism manifests rotates through the crystal[13]. This noncollinearity propagates within the material with a period from 620 Ã… to 640 Ã…[13][14] and superimposes on the G-type antiferromagnetic order. As the noncollinearity is quite minimal , the simplification to a collinear magnetic structure is possible[15]. In this paper, the noncollinearity effects were not taken during our calculations. Since BFO is grown as a thin layers, the material may undergo a compressive or extensive stress due to the difference between the primitive cell of the material in its bulk form and those of the monocrystalline substrate, the small grown thickness is able to accept any relaxation of the structure. This can cause changes in the structure parameters of the crystal compared to its bulk form. However, other experimental works[16][17] showed that even BFO grown in thin layers, retains its rhombohedral symmetry. For a long time BFO considered too low to be exploitable ( Ps = 6.1  µC/cm2 ) according to the first measurements of Teague et al.[5], the ferroelectricity of BFO was studied again following the results of Young et al.[10] on thin layers of BFO ( Ps = 158  µC/cm2). However, many experimental studies carried out during this period gave a confusing results, the spontaneous polarization varying from 2.2  µC/cm2 [18] to 158  µC/cm2 [10]. The study of the ferroelectricity of BFO is a concrete example to combine experimental results and theoretical calculations. In this case, the calculation methods allow to explain the difference between the first measured values of bulk BFO and those obtained on the same material grown in thin layers. In this paper, we study in detail the magnetic properties of bulk BFO, while considering a G-type antiferromagnetic order. But it is necessary to determine first the electronic configuration and to calculate the band gap, in order to understand and obtain the theoretical model which corresponds to the reality of the material, and then to determine the spontaneous polarization using modern theory of polarization. METHOD The calculations which we present in the remainder of this paper use the density functional theory (DFT) implemented in WIEN2k code. The interactions between electrons and ions are described in the framework of full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. As the 3d electrons in transition -metal Fe atom are incompletely filled, the spin density approximation was employed withinstry the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) form of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ). The new version of the exchange potential, proposed for the first time by the Becke and Johnson[19], was recently published by Tran and Blaha[20]. The modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ) proposed by Tran and Blaha is: With is the electronic density, is kinetic energy density and is the potential of Becke-Roussel. In this work, the mBJ potential is used in combination with the GGA-PBE approximation to compute the electronic structure, magnetic properties and spontaneous polarization in multiferroic bulk BFO. Our calculations do not include the spin-orbit interactions and the noncollinearity effects. The mesh of the first Brillouin zone in the reciprocal space was carried out using a 4 x 4 x 4 Monkhorst-Pack k-points grid. The structural parameters of BFO in space group R3c ( i.e, the lattice constant and atomic positions ) are considered as calculated by Wang et al.[8] as given from Kubel et al.[12]. The results of relaxing the cell volume, rhombohedral angle, and atomic positions within the R3c symmetry in reference[8] show that there is an alternation of Bi3+ and Fe3+ ions along the [111] axis; Each of these atoms is surrounded by six oxygen atoms, which thus form an octahedron around each cat ion. Inside the octahedron FeO6, the Fe3+ ion is outside the FeO2 plane (forming the base of the octahedron), which leads a distortion of the octahedron. The calculation of the spontaneous polarization using the modern theory of polarization is carried out by determining the difference in polarization between two symmetry (The non-centrosymmetric phase R3c which is ferroelectric and the centrosymmetric phase R-3c supposed paraelectric). In order to evaluate the polarization of the structure studied, we must therefore use a structure (centrosymmetric) as a reference with the same unit cell as the real structure (non-centrosymmetric), but its atomic positions do not induce electrical dipoles. Energetically, these two structures are very close, which confirms our choice of R-3c symmetry as a centrosymmetric reference. They differ by the addition of a center of inversion within the symmetry, and the passage from one symmetry to the other is due to the displacement of the atoms along the [111] direction which is accompanied with a rotation of the FeO6 octahedra perpendicular to the same direction. This evolution of the paraelectric phase t o the ferroelectric phase allows us to explain the birth of ferroelectricity within the bismuth ferrite BFO and to reproduce it efficiently in our calculations. The modern theory of polarization was applied for the first time to compute the ferroelectricity within the cubic perovskite-type KNbO3. The results obtained ( à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾P = 35  µC/cm2 [21][22]) showed excellent agreement with the experimental data ( à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾P = 37  µC/cm2[23]). Other studies were carried out subsequently, confirming the reliability of this method with respect to the experimental reality. Today, the modern theory of polarization is widely used. Results and Discussion Electronic and magnetic properties In this section, we study the electronic structure of bulk BFO in ferroelectric R3c structure, considering the relaxing values of cell parameter, rhombohedral angle and atomic positions by Wang et al.[8]. We computed and plotted the band structure and electronic state densities with the same parameters mentioned at the paragraph II. The band gap value are calculated using mBJ potential in combination with the GGA-PBE approximation, our calculated band gap value is the same as the value measured by Gao et al.[24] from the UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum witch is equal to 2.5 eV, our computed band gap is much better than other theoretical works such as Neaton et al.[15] who found an indirect band gap of 0.4, 1.3, and 1.9 eV using LSDA+U approximation with U=0, 2, and 4 eV, respectively. The same for Tà ¼tà ¼ncà ¼ et al.[25] they found an indirect band gap of 0.9, 1.4, and 2.1 eV using LSDA+U approximation with U=0, 2, and 4 eV, respectively. Our band structure results (Fig.1 ) indicate an indirect band gap of approximately 2.5 eV witch is in excellent agreement to the experimental measurement of about 2.5 eV [24][26]. Therefore, this equality between our calculated band gap and the experimental value confirms the insulating character of bulk BFO. In order to understand why the magnetic moments of the Fe atoms were arranged antiparallel within bulk BFO, we relaxed it according to different magnetic configurations: paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic. The ground-state energy of the various possible magnetic configurations shows that the G-type antiferromagnetic configuration is the one which offers the material its greatest stability. FIG. 1. Calculated band structure for rhombohedral BiFeO3. FIG. 2. Calculated total density of states for rhombohedral BiFeO3. Calculated density of state (Fig.2) for R3c BFO indicates an identical distribution between electronic states up and down, which clearly exhibits the antiferromagnetic order of the material, in this case the antiferromagnetic order can only be G-type. The Fe atoms along the [111] axis have a local magnetic moment of 4.02 ÃŽÂ ¼B comes from 3d states, this value is much better than 4.25 ÃŽÂ ¼B and 4.17 ÃŽÂ ¼B reported by Tà ¼tà ¼ncà ¼ et al.[25] using LSDA+U with U = 4 and 6 eV, respectively. Therefore, our computed local magnetic moment of Fe atoms is very close to the measurement value of about 3.75ÃŽÂ ¼B [27]. FIG. 3. Atomic projection of electronic PDOS for rhombohedral BiFeO3. Figure 3 shows atomic projected electronic density of states (PDOS) around the ban gap region for both spin channels. The results suggest that the valence band are predominantly formed by Fe 3d states, hybridized with a contribution from O 2p states. Conduction band states are occupied by a large amount of Fe 3d states, hybridized with a small contribution of Bi 6p states that also contains a significant amount of O 2p states. Spontaneous polarization The spontaneous polarization was calculated within bulk BFO using the ferroelectric structure R3c and the hypothetical centrosymmetric phase R-3c. The centrosymmetric phase must be judiciously chosen, in order to found the difference of ferroelectric polarization between the centrosymmetric and non-centrosymmetric phases less than the quantum of polarization, Where is the electronic charge, is a lattice vector in the direction of polarization, and is the volume of the unit cell. Our calculations have shown that centrosymmetric phase R-3c is the structure closest to the ferroelectric structure R3c, both energetically as well as structural. This symmetry differs from the R3c only by the addition of a center of inversion. The transition from the paraelectric to the ferroelectric phase was characterized by a large displacement of the atoms along the [111] axis and a rotation of the FeO6 octahedra. Therefore, we expect that the spontaneous polarization develops along the [111] axis. In order to calculate the difference of polarization, we have considered that the transition from paraelectric to ferroelectric phase was done adiabatically and continuously. In this way, each atom moves along a path divided into segments of equal length. This method allowed us to follow the evolution of the spontaneous polarization during the whole paraelectric-ferroelectric transition. Throughout the paraelectric-ferroelectric transition, it is imperative to avoid any external contribution to symmetry, such as compression or expansion of the unit cell (in this case we do not calculate the real spontaneous polarization). For this reason, the structures used for our calculations have the same cell parameters, only the atomic positions were shifted. The modern theory of polarization compute the both, ionic and electronic contribution to the spontaneous polarization using the sum of the Wannier centers of the occupied bands. Our results showed that the spontaneous polarization developed along three directions, and was 58.8  µC/cm2 along each axis, resulting a spontaneous polarization of 101.1  µC/cm2 along the [111] axis which is in full agreement with the spontaneous polarization calculated by Neaton et al.[15] using LSDA+U. Early measurements on bulk BFO single crystals[5] found a small polarization of about 6.1  µC/cm2. On the other hand, many experiment studies on thin film samples of BFO showed a large spontaneous polarization of about 100-158  µC/cm2 [16][10]. The anomalously early value was caused by several explanations. First, the authors[5] indicated that their hysteresis loops were not saturated. Second, maybe the small value limited by the poor of the sample quality. Finally, the third explanation is that the crystal structure is not the same. Recently, Lebeugle et al.[28] have prepared a highly pure BFO single crystal (bulk BFO with a rhombohedral R3c symmetry) and measured the spontaneous polarization, they found a very large value of about 100  µC/cm2 [28] which is an intrinsic property of the bulk BFO, as expected by our theoretical studies. CONCLUSIONS In summary, Bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 is one of a few magnetoelectric multiferroics who has simultaneously ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders, it has seen a considerable increase in interest since the discovery of a high spontaneous polarization. The first principle calculations with our approximations and parameters chosen allowed us to understand and obtain the behaviors of electronic and magnetic properties which make possible the computing of the right band gap and local magnetic moment. The property intrinsic of the large spontaneous electric polarization in bulk BiFe2O3 showed by recently experiment studies was confirmed by our theoretical investigations using the modern theory of polarization. These good agreements between our theoretical investigation and experimental measurement allow the scientific community to compute other properties and understand the physics behind the measurement at the atomic level. References [1]H. Schmid, Multi-ferroic magnetoelectrics, Ferroelectrics, vol. 162, no. 1, pp. 317-338, Jan. 1994. [2]N. A. Hill, Why Are There so Few Magnetic Ferroelectrics?, J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 104, no. 29, pp. 6694-6709, Jul. 2000. [3]N. A. Hill, Density Functional Studies of Multiferroic Magnetoelectrics, Annu. Rev. Mater. Res., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 1-37, Aug. 2002. [4]A. Moreira dos Santos et al., Orbital ordering as the determinant for ferromagnetism in biferroic BiMnO 3, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 66, no. 6, Aug. 2002. [5]J. R. Teague, R. Gerson, and W. J. James, Dielectric hysteresis in single crystal BiFeO3, Solid State Commun., vol. 8, no. 13, pp. 1073-1074, 1970. [6]G. A. Smolenskii and I. E. Chupis, Ferroelectromagnets, Phys.-Uspekhi, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 475-493, Jul. 1982. [7]M. Fiebig, Revival of the magnetoelectric effect, J. Phys. Appl. Phys., vol. 38, no. 8, pp. R123-R152, Apr. 2005. [8]J. Wang, Epitaxial BiFeO3 Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures, Science, vol. 299, no. 5613, pp. 1719-1722, Mar. 2003. [9]Y. Tokura, MATERIALS SCIENCE: Multiferroics as Quantum Electromagnets, Science, vol. 312, no. 5779, pp. 1481-1482, Jun. 2006. [10]K. Y. Yun, D. Ricinschi, T. Kanashima, M. Noda, and M. Okuyama, Giant ferroelectric polarization beyond 150 ÃŽÂ ¼C/cm2 in BiFeO3 thin film, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 43, no. 5A, p. L647, 2004. [11]R. Palai et al., ÃŽÂ ² phase and ÃŽÂ ³ ˆ’ ÃŽÂ ² metal-insulator transition in multiferroic Bi Fe O 3, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 77, no. 1, Jan. 2008. [12]F. Kubel and H. Schmid, Structure of a ferroelectric and ferroelastic monodomain crystal of the perovskite BiFeO3, Acta Crystallogr. B, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 698-702, Dec. 1990. [13]I. Sosnowska, T. P. Neumaier, and E. Steichele, Spiral magnetic ordering in bismuth ferrite, J. Phys. C Solid State Phys., vol. 15, no. 23, p. 4835, 1982. [14]D. Lebeugle, D. Colson, A. Forget, M. Viret, A. M. Bataille, and A. Gukasov, Electric-Field-Induced Spin Flop in BiFeO 3 Single Crystals at Room Temperature, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 100, no. 22, Jun. 2008. [15]J. B. Neaton, C. Ederer, U. V. Waghmare, N. A. Spaldin, and K. M. Rabe, First-principles study of spontaneous polarization in multiferroic Bi Fe O 3, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 71, no. 1, Jan. 2005. [16]J. Li et al., Dramatically enhanced polarization in (001), (101), and (111) BiFeO3 thin films due to epitiaxial-induced transitions, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, no. 25, pp. 5261-5263, Jun. 2004. [17]G. Xu, H. Hiraka, G. Shirane, J. Li, J. Wang, and D. Viehland, Low symmetry phase in (001) BiFeO3 epitaxial constrained thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, no. 18, p. 182905, May 2005. [18]V. R. Palkar, J. John, and R. Pinto, Observation of saturated polarization and dielectric anomaly in magnetoelectric BiFeO3 thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80, no. 9, pp. 1628-1630, Mar. 2002. [19]A. D. Becke and E. R. Johnson, A simple effective potential for exchange, J. Chem. Phys., vol. 124, no. 22, p. 221101, Jun. 2006. [20]F. Tran and P. Blaha, Accurate Band Gaps of Semiconductors and Insulators with a Semilocal Exchange-Correlation Potential, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 102, no. 22, Jun. 2009. [21]R. Resta, M. Posternak, and A. Baldereschi, Towards a quantum theory of polarization in ferroelectrics: The case of KNbO 3, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 70, no. 7, p. 1010, 1993. [22]R. Resta, M. Posternak, and A. Baldereschi, First-Principles Theory of Polarization in Ferroelectrics, in MRS Proceedings, 1992, vol. 291, p. 647. [23]W. Kleemann, F. J. Schà ¤fer, and M. D. Fontana, Crystal optical studies of spontaneous and precursor polarization in KNbO 3, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 30, no. 3, p. 1148, 1984. [24]F. Gao et al., Preparation and photoabsorption characterization of BiFeO3 nanowires, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, no. 10, p. 102506, Sep. 2006. [25]H. M. Tà ¼tà ¼ncà ¼ and G. P. Srivastava, Electronic structure and zone-center phonon modes in multiferroic bulk BiFeO3, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 103, no. 8, p. 083712, Apr. 2008. [26]T. Kanai, S. Ohkoshi, and K. Hashimoto, Magnetic, electric, and optical functionalities of (PLZT) x (BiFeO 3) 1- x ferroelectric-ferromagnetic thin films, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 391-397, 2003. [27]I. Sosnowska, W. Schà ¤fer, W. Kockelmann, K. H. Andersen, and I. O. Troyanchuk, Crystal structure and spiral magnetic ordering of BiFeO 3 doped with manganese, Appl. Phys. Mater. Sci. Process., vol. 74, no. 0, pp. s1040-s1042, Dec. 2002. [28]D. Lebeugle, D. Colson, A. Forget, and M. Viret, Very large spontaneous electric polarization in BiFeO3 single crystals at room temperature and its evolution under cycling fields, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 91, no. 2, p. 022907, Jul. 2007.

Swot Analysis of the Green Directory

SWOT Analysis Of The Green Directory Strengths: –The Green Directory (â€Å"GD†) allows unlimited access for all users and no fee is required. –The relevant information is available to all visitors. –GD recommends and presents only classified, selected and specialised companies –Website presentation is clearly structured and designed. –Provides ‘one-stop service’ website, as well as the leading ‘green’ guides within Australia. –Easy to find directory – GD provides direct links to its partners, sponsors and advertisers. -Wide range of services and products as well as topics has made the website easy for user to find anything related ‘Green’. Weaknesses: — Unclear information on the support and recommendations by the Australian Government. — GD is just facilitator which means that interested visitors have to contact the listed companies directly. –The benefits for adverti sing are not clearly shown in the website. –Online enquiry form is not available – Interested visitors in ‘green’ products and services have to contact the listed companies directly. -Certain information provided in the web page is not up to date. –Poor maintenance of the website as there are few missing links found in the website. –Limited information about local events, fairs and exhibitions. –No contact number or hotline number for customer enquiry Opportunities: –Increase the profile of GD by cooperation with nationwide and regional publishers (such as Yellow Pages, newspaper, magazine) as well as popular ‘green’ institutions. -It is a green awareness happening all over the world and it’s about social responsibility and ethic of environmental friendly. –Further enhance the website by placing more latest offers and products photos to attract more users. –Send frequent e-mail to users to keep them updated with the latest information. –Provide a hotline number to handle real-time customer call-in enquiry to improve the customer service –Provide hardcopy brochure when requested by user so as not only limit the usage to internet users only Threats: -People without internet access have not the opportunity to receive the requested information. –Unavailable/ inaccurate information to users due to the missing/ outdated contents might cause reputational risk to the GD. –Easy to copy by competitor to create new business/ competition. –Green products price usually higher than normal product that would cause very big investment to the users. Thus there is a challenge in convincing user to purchase without much attractive promotion/ offer. –Data security is not clarified and this might affects customer confidence.

New Ideas Into Best College Paper Service Never Before Revealed

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Online Relationships And Finding Partners Online Essay

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Taking a Look at Dictatorships - 2044 Words

There are many forms of governments in the world, which play an important part in peoples life. A form of government determines how the country will be run and it makes a good or a bad impact on social, political, and economic matters in a country. Some main forms of governments are democracy, where the power of the government is given by its people, and the leaders are chosen either directly or through elected representatives to govern the people; communism, where everything is owned by the government and shared equally; a monarchy, where there is a king or queen who inherits his or her power and rules the country; a dictatorship, where one person or a small group of people rule a country with absolute power without the consent of those who are being ruled. Among these forms of government dictatorship has the worst reputation than other forms of governments. People do not like a form of government that practices dictatorship because it has awful characteristics and people often have to suffer from social, political, and economic oppressions. In a form of dictatorship, human and civil rights are not usually recognized or protected. Elections may be held, but they will be unfair or abolish the results and citizens cannot choose their own leaders. Citizens cannot influence or comment on the decisions of the leaders. Equality or the importance of the individual citizen is rare and right to private property is often restricted or abolished. Censorship of the media isShow MoreRelated Democracy to Dictatorship in Lord of the Flies Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesDemocracy to Dictatorship in Lord of the Flies      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a novel that represents a microcosm of society in a tale about children stranded on an island. Of the group of young boys there are two who want to lead for the duration of their stay, Jack and Ralph.   Through the opposing characters of Jack and Ralph, Golding reveals the gradual process from democracy to dictatorship from Ralphs democratic election to his lack of law enforcement to Jacks strictRead MoreDemocratization Of Latin America And Eastern Europe915 Words   |  4 Pagesof Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the Emirates. The question is what are the factors that influence both durable and firm power? The first reason is certainly an authoritative stance that rulers occupy which is almost the dictatorship and sometimes even exceeds borders of the dictatorship. We only have to remember the massacre in Hama, Syria in 1982. So terror directly affects onto the survival of the regime. Then, we should mention Islam as a cohesive factor. In many of these countries, almost 100% ofRead MoreEssay on Cuban Revolution1541 Words   |  7 Pagesand use symbols or tools to get its points across to the people. Cuba and its leader today, Fidel Castro, have their own roots in a revolution that took place only some forty years ago. The causes of the Revolution itself laid behind the military dictatorship of General Batista.brbrThe overthrow of the June 1952 elections by Batista indirectly led to the Cuban Revolution. With this event the weakness behind Cubas politics was revealed to the people. Their economy also fluctuated between high andRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1350 Words   |  6 Pagesdelicate man who seems to glide by life. Winston hates the totalitarian control and enforced repression that are characteristics of his government. Everywhere Winston goes, even his own home, the Party watches him through telescreens; everywhere he looks he se es the face of the Party’s omniscient leader, a figure known only as â€Å"Big Brother†. The Party controls everything in Oceania, even the people’s history and language. Currently, the Party is forcing the implementation of an invented language calledRead MoreEffects Of The Rule Of Law900 Words   |  4 Pageslaw, which has been historically emphasized by A.V Dicey. And could be described as â€Å"A system of government based on legal code† regardless of sovereignty. And its core purpose is to try to safeguard against questionable governance, for example dictatorships. One of its more critical features is that individual liberties depend on it. It is considered to be one of the great cornerstone principles of good governance even though there are varying definitions. And also in the human rights act 1998 itRead MoreTo What Extent Was Stalin Truly Marxist?1656 Words   |  7 Pagesthe exploitation of the masses by a dominant class, that class struggle has been the main agency of historical change, and that the capitalist system, containing from the first the seeds of its own decay, will inevitably, after the period of the dictatorship of the proletariat, be superseded by a socialist order and a classless society’(Dictionary.com, 2015). Karl Marx with his radical thinking of the time had a great influence on the Communist Manifesto; he had specific ideas of key elements suchRead MoreFeminism Through The Time Of The Butterflies1202 Words   |  5 PagesDominican Republic. In this country, men always thought the only responsibility of women was staying at home and taking care of the whole family. In addition, men did n ot care what women really wanted, and the only way was to force women to do what men asked. In the movie In the Time of the Butterflies, which happened in the Dominican Republic, people struggle under the brutal dictatorship of Trujillo between the 1930`s and 1960`s. In this movie, men play the important gender role that women have noRead MorePersonal Freedom And Capitalism Of The United States1417 Words   |  6 Pagesbe able to surpass the United States when you look at its raw labor force that it stands on, however it is surprising when compared to the ideas of the Friedman(1980) in that capitalism will bring with it personal freedom. China is a communist country where many of the rights of the people are ignored or even trampled over without a second thought by the controlling party. Much like the other countries bathed in violence and oppressive dictatorships, China should have been not be this successfulRead MoreFeminism : Women And Women1725 Words   |  7 Pagesthere by w omen can only sit down and look. The book described the modern feminism as a product of the enlightenment, and 18th century feminists argued that women were secluded from the public realm, whereas they were well equipped to compete on equal terms with men. These idea in most of the time has been interpreted as the idea behind the subjugation of women by men is just a so called idea of womanhood that women are only supposed to be housekeepers, taking care of the domestic routines that includesRead MoreThe Political Movements Of The 1980s And The Southern Cone Dictatorships And Guerrilla Warfare During Central America1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1980s were described as lost decade due to the economic crisis and the Southern Cone dictatorships and guerrilla warfare in Central America. The woman was marginalized as any other minority, which made them aware of their fate. They decided to accept into their ranks women from the working classes from socio-political movements. It was durin g this decade that was set up the Latin American and Caribbean feminist meetings. The meeting place was a place of debate, discussion but also of ideas